Several common heat treatment concepts
Normalizing: heating the steel or steel parts to the appropriate temperature above the critical point AC3 or ACM and keeping it for a certain period of time, then cooling in the air to obtain a pearlite-like structure;
Annealing: Heat the hypoeutectoid steel workpiece to 20-40 degrees above AC3, hold it for a period of time, and then cool it slowly with the furnace (or bury it in sand or lime) to below 500 degrees and cool it in the air;
Solution heat treatment: heating the alloy to a high-temperature single-phase zone to maintain a constant temperature, so that the excess phase is fully dissolved into the solid solution, and then rapidly cooled to obtain a supersaturated solid solution heat treatment process;
Aging: After the alloy is subjected to solution heat treatment or cold plastic deformation, its properties change with time when it is placed at room temperature or slightly higher than room temperature;
Solution treatment: fully dissolve various phases in the alloy, strengthen the solid solution and improve toughness and corrosion resistance, eliminate stress and soften, so as to continue processing and forming;
Aging treatment: heating and keeping warm at the temperature at which the strengthening phase precipitates, so that the strengthening phase precipitates, hardens and increases the strength;
Quenching: A heat treatment process in which the steel is austenitized and then cooled at an appropriate cooling rate, so that the workpiece undergoes martensite and other unstable structural transformations in the entire cross-section or within a certain range;
Tempering: Heat the quenched workpiece to an appropriate temperature below the critical point AC1 for a certain period of time, and then cool it with a method that meets the requirements to obtain the required structure and properties of the heat treatment process;
Carbonitriding of steel: Carbonitriding is the process of simultaneously infiltrating carbon and nitrogen into the surface of steel. Traditionally, carbonitriding is also called cyanidation. At present, medium-temperature gas carbonitriding and low-temperature gas carbonitriding (ie, gas nitrocarburizing) are widely used. The main purpose of medium temperature gas carbonitriding is to improve the hardness, wear resistance and fatigue strength of steel. Low-temperature gas carbonitriding is mainly nitriding, and its main purpose is to improve the wear resistance and seizure resistance of steel;
Quenching and tempering treatment: Generally, the heat treatment combining quenching and high temperature tempering is called quenching and tempering treatment. Quenching and tempering treatment is widely used in various important structural parts, especially those connecting rods, bolts, gears and shafts that work under alternating loads. After quenching and tempering treatment, tempered sorbite structure is obtained, and its mechanical properties are better than normalized sorbite structure with the same hardness. Its hardness depends on the high temperature tempering temperature and is related to the tempering stability of the steel and the cross-sectional size of the workpiece, generally between HB200-350;
Brazing: A heat treatment process in which two workpieces are bonded together with solder.
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