Introduction to tool brazing vacuum furnace
The tool brazing vacuum furnace is a device specially used for tool brazing, which plays an important role in the field of tool manufacturing and repair. The following is a detailed introduction to the tool brazing vacuum furnace:
1. Working principle
The tool brazing vacuum furnace uses the heating and brazing process under a vacuum environment to connect the carbide blade or other wear-resistant materials of the tool to the tool base. Its working principle mainly includes the following steps:
1. Vacuuming: The furnace chamber containing the tool assembly is evacuated to a certain vacuum degree, usually between 10⁻³Pa and 10⁻⁵Pa. This can remove air and impurities in the furnace, avoid oxidation reactions during brazing, and ensure welding quality.
2. Heating and heating: The furnace chamber is heated by heating elements (such as resistance wire, molybdenum belt, etc.) to make the tool assembly reach the temperature required for brazing. The heating process is usually controlled by program to ensure that the temperature rises evenly and avoid deformation or damage of the tool due to rapid temperature changes.
3. Brazing process: When the tool assembly reaches the brazing temperature, the brazing material (usually copper-based, silver-based or nickel-based alloy) melts and fills the gap between the blade and the substrate under capillary action. In a vacuum environment, the wetting and diffusion between the brazing material and the tool material are enhanced, thus forming a strong welded joint.
4. Cooling and cooling: After brazing is completed, the tool assembly is slowly cooled by controlling the cooling system to reduce the stress caused by temperature changes. The cooling process also needs to be carried out in a vacuum environment to prevent the tool from oxidizing.
II. Structural composition
1. Furnace body: The furnace body of the tool brazing vacuum furnace is usually made of stainless steel or other high-temperature resistant materials, with good sealing and thermal insulation properties. The furnace body is equipped with a heating chamber and a workpiece loading area, and the outside is connected to a vacuum system, a heating system, a cooling system and a control system.
2. Vacuum system: It includes components such as vacuum pumps, vacuum valves, and vacuum gauges, which are used to extract air and impurities in the furnace and maintain the vacuum degree in the furnace. The vacuum pump usually adopts a combination of mechanical pumps, Roots pumps and diffusion pumps to achieve high vacuum requirements.
3. Heating system: It consists of heating elements, temperature sensors and temperature controllers. The heating elements can be resistance wires, molybdenum strips or graphite, etc. The appropriate heating method is selected according to different brazing process requirements. The temperature sensor monitors the temperature in the furnace in real time and feeds the signal back to the temperature controller to achieve precise temperature control.
4. Cooling system: It is used to cool the tool after brazing. The cooling method can be water cooling, air cooling or air cooling, etc. The appropriate cooling method is selected according to the material and size of the tool.
5. Control system: PLC or computer control is used to achieve precise control and monitoring of parameters such as furnace temperature, vacuum degree, heating time, cooling time, etc. The control system also has fault diagnosis and alarm functions to ensure the safe operation of the equipment.
III. Features and advantages
1. High-quality welding joints: Brazing under vacuum can avoid oxidation and impurity contamination, so that the welding joints have good sealing, strength and corrosion resistance. At the same time, due to the enhanced wetting and diffusion effect under vacuum, the bond between the brazing material and the tool material is more solid, which improves the service life of the tool.
2. Accurate temperature control: The tool brazing vacuum furnace adopts advanced temperature control technology, which can achieve accurate control of the temperature in the furnace and ensure that the brazing process is carried out within the appropriate temperature range. Accurate temperature control can avoid welding defects caused by too high or too low temperature and improve the quality and stability of the tool.
3. Uniform heating: The heating elements in the furnace are reasonably arranged to achieve uniform heating of the tool components and avoid tool deformation or poor welding caused by uneven temperature. Uniform heating can also improve brazing efficiency and reduce brazing time.
4. Versatility: The tool brazing vacuum furnace can be used for tool brazing of different types and sizes, including carbide tools, high-speed steel tools, ceramic tools, etc. At the same time, it can also be adjusted and optimized according to different brazing process requirements to meet the needs of different users.
5. Environmental protection and energy saving: No chemical substances such as flux are required during vacuum brazing, which reduces pollution to the environment. At the same time, due to the small heat loss in the vacuum environment, the energy utilization rate of the equipment is high, and it has the characteristics of energy saving.
Fourth, Application Field
1. Tool Manufacturing: In the tool manufacturing process, the tool brazing vacuum furnace is used to connect the carbide blade or other wear-resistant materials to the tool base. This connection method can improve the hardness, wear resistance and cutting performance of the tool, and is suitable for various metal processing fields.
2. Tool Repair: For damaged tools, a tool brazing vacuum furnace can be used for repair. By replacing the blade or brazing the worn parts, the service life of the tool can be extended and the production cost can be reduced.
3. Special tool manufacturing: For some special tools, such as high-temperature alloy tools, ceramic tools, etc., the tool brazing vacuum furnace can provide a suitable brazing process and environment to meet the manufacturing needs of these tools.
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