What is the difference between a vacuum brazing furnace and a vacuum brazing machine?
There are differences between vacuum brazing furnace and vacuum brazing machine in the following aspects:
**1. Equipment type and structure**
1. Vacuum brazing furnace:
- **Equipment scale**: It is usually a larger equipment with a larger furnace space, which can accommodate larger workpieces or process multiple workpieces at the same time. Its appearance is generally box-shaped or cylindrical, and its appearance is relatively large.
- **Structural composition**: It is mainly composed of furnace body, heating system, vacuum system, cooling system, control system and other parts. The furnace body usually adopts a double-layer water-cooling structure to ensure stability and safety at high temperatures. The heating system can use resistance heating, induction heating and other methods to provide a stable high-temperature environment. The vacuum system includes vacuum pumps, vacuum valves, vacuum gauges, etc., which are used to extract air from the furnace and create a high vacuum environment. The cooling system is used to quickly cool the workpiece after brazing is completed. The control system is responsible for accurately controlling the temperature, vacuum degree, heating time and other parameters in the furnace.
2. Vacuum brazing machine:
- **Equipment scale**: It is relatively small and portable, and is generally suitable for welding small workpieces or on-site repairs. Its appearance may be similar to a small welding device, which is easy to move and operate.
- **Structural composition**: It is mainly composed of welding power supply, vacuum chamber, electrode, control system and other parts. The welding power supply provides the current and voltage required for welding. The vacuum chamber is used to hold the workpiece and create a vacuum environment. The electrode is used to conduct current so that the workpiece can be brazed in a vacuum environment. The control system is responsible for controlling the current, voltage, vacuum degree and other parameters during the welding process.
**II. Working principle and application scenarios**
1. Vacuum brazing furnace:
- **Working principle**: Put the workpiece into the furnace, and raise the temperature in the furnace to the temperature required for brazing through the heating system. At the same time, the vacuum system pumps the furnace to a high vacuum state. Under high temperature and vacuum environment, the brazing material melts and wets the surface of the workpiece, and forms a firm welding joint through diffusion and solidification.
- **Application scenarios**: It is widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, electronics industry and other fields for welding large structural parts, complex parts, etc. For example, turbine blades of aircraft engines, heat exchangers of automobiles, radiators of electronic equipment, etc. can all be welded using vacuum brazing furnaces. These workpieces are usually large in size and complex in shape, and have high requirements for welding quality. They require precise temperature control and long-term heat preservation in a high vacuum environment to ensure the quality and performance of the welded joints.
2. Vacuum brazing machine:
- **Working principle**: Place a small workpiece in a vacuum chamber, and provide current and voltage through a welding power supply to generate an arc or resistance heat in a vacuum environment, so that the brazing material melts and welds the workpiece. Vacuum brazing machines usually use local heating to quickly heat up and complete the welding process.
- **Application scenarios**: Mainly suitable for welding, repair and on-site operations of small workpieces. For example, small circuit boards, sensors, connectors, etc. in electronic equipment can be welded using a vacuum brazing machine. These workpieces are usually small in size and large in number, requiring fast and efficient welding methods. In addition, vacuum brazing machines can also be used for on-site repairs, such as welding and repairing damaged parts, without the need to disassemble the workpiece and transport it to large equipment for processing, saving time and cost.
**III. Process parameters and control accuracy**
1. Vacuum brazing furnace:
- **Process parameters**: Due to the large workpieces to be processed, the process parameters of the vacuum brazing furnace are usually more complicated, including heating temperature, holding time, vacuum degree, cooling rate, etc. These parameters need to be precisely adjusted according to different workpiece materials, sizes and welding requirements to ensure the welding quality. For example, for difficult-to-weld materials such as high-temperature alloys, higher heating temperatures and longer holding times are required to ensure that the brazing material is fully melted and diffused. At the same time, the control of vacuum degree is also very critical. High vacuum degree can effectively prevent oxidation and contamination and improve the quality of welded joints.
- **Control accuracy**: In order to meet the welding requirements of large workpieces, vacuum brazing furnaces usually have higher control accuracy. The temperature control accuracy can reach ±1℃ to ±5℃, and the vacuum control accuracy can reach 10⁻³Pa to 10⁻⁵Pa or even higher. High-precision control can ensure the stability and consistency of the welding process and improve welding quality and yield rate.
2. Vacuum brazing machine:
- **Process parameters**: The process parameters of vacuum brazing machine are relatively simple, mainly including welding current, voltage, welding time, etc. Since the workpieces are small and the heating speed is fast, the adjustment range of process parameters is relatively small. For example, for the welding of small electronic components, the welding current and voltage are usually adjusted within a small range, and the welding time is also short, generally between a few seconds and a few minutes.
- **Control accuracy**: The control accuracy of vacuum brazing machine is relatively low, the temperature control accuracy may be between ±5℃ and ±10℃, and the vacuum control accuracy may be around 10⁻²Pa to 10⁻³Pa. This is because the temperature and vacuum requirements of small workpieces are relatively low, and at the same time, in order to improve welding efficiency, the control accuracy of the equipment can be appropriately reduced. However, for some small workpieces with high requirements for welding quality, such as high-precision sensors, higher control accuracy is also required.
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