Remove oil, oxides and impurities by grinding, cleaning and activation to secure clean surfaces for uniform film adhesion.

Immerse parts in chemical baths. Temperature-controlled spontaneous reactions form dense uniform functional films.

Stabilize parameters to cure films, enhancing adhesion, density and stability for wear, corrosion, insulation and aging resistance.

Rinse and dry coated workpieces. Test appearance, film thickness, adhesion and corrosion resistance to guarantee stable quality.